Education is mentioned in The 1945 Indonesian Constitution in Article 31, verse (1) which states "Every citizen shall have the right to an education." Accordingly, the Law No. 2, 1989 on the National Educational System, Article 5 states that "Every citizen shall have the same right to good education". In Article 8, verse I of the Law No.2 it is stated that "Citizens with physical, mental, intellectual and/or social disability shall have the right to special education".

FDC

From the total Indonesian population of 220 million, there are about 1.48 million people categorized as disable of which 21.42% are school age children. Only 25% or 79,061 children are enrolled in special schools. Referring to stipulation above, before the Law No. 22, 1999 on Regional Government came into effect, education for children with disabilities was handled hierarchical by the Ministry for Social Affairs. Several special needs schools were established under the management of Education for Children with Special Needs Foundation (YPAC) with instructors appointed by the Ministry.

Fullsheet

YPAC was established in Solo by Prof. DR. R Soeharso in 1955. The Foundation is a member of the International Society for Rehabilitation of the Disabled (IRSD), whose headquarters is located in New York. YPAC was established based on the philosophy of Total Quality Concept, which means that the rehabilitation for those children is not only concerning medical, but also social, educational and vocational. It's holistic (total care) rehabilitation. Soeharso also initiated the elimination of the word "cacat" (lit. defect) and substituted it with new term, difabel (differently able people).

Leaflet

SLB is a school for children with special need, namely those who need adjustment in having education, either permanent or temporary. Permanent need is mostly caused by congenital defect.

Special education is provided at primary and secondary education level and is part of the national education system. The levels are: Kindergarten, Primary School, Junior Secondary School, Senior High School, and vocational school which comprise:

1. SLB-A Special schools for Visual Impairment
2. SLB-B Special schools for Hearing Impairment
3. SLB-C Special schools for Mild Intellectual Impairment
4. SLB-C1 Special schools for Moderate Intellectual Impairment
5. SLB-D Special schools for Physical Impairment
6. SLB-E Special schools for Emotional Social Behavior Difficulties
7. SLB-G Special schools for multiple disabilities
8. SLB-M Special schools for Autistic Children

According to UNESCO convention the switch of paradigm of learning in the classroom occurs by implicating 4 pattern "Learning: The Treasure Within", namely:

• Learning How To Know
• Learning How To Do
• Learning How To Be
• Learning How to Live Together

These days even regular schools can provide education for children with special needs, i.e.,

1. Integrated school, school that accommodates children with special needs, as long as those children follow the common regular rules:
   a. Children with intellectual challange, special gift, special intelligent
   b. Children who need special education service
   c. Students with disability along with normal students
2. Inclusive education, school that gives opportunity for students with disabilities and other children with special needs and or special gifted children to obtain education together with other students who get education from common schools and/or vocational school by using curriculum that has adjusted to the progress and the need of special needs students.

THE SPECIAL NEEDS EDUCATION STAMP SERIES DEPICTS THREE IMAGES, i.e.:
1/3 Scouts for children with special needs. It is scouting activity for difabel children where they can develop their ability in recognizing their environment and surroundings. This scout movement conducts special activities, such as organizing special camping in regional, local and international levels.
2/3 Angklung players. It is expected that through art, children with disability can express and develop their talents in arts.
3/3 Paralympic. It is special sport for children with disability which is competed in both national and International levels. In addition to getting strong and healthy body, this special sport also has the aim to foster their talents in sport.

NOTICE
On this Special Needs Education stamp series, the face value (1,500) of each stamp is also presented in Braille using the emboss printing technique. Using the same technique, the title of the series "Special Needs Education" is also featured on the fullsheet.
This is to show that Indonesian government care about DIFABLE ACCESBILITY as this issuance can be regarded as a tool for people with visual impairment. This is the first Indonesian stamp series featuring Braille.

Technical Specification

Source: Special Needs Education FDC's Leaflet - 2008